William Covert
Professor Werry
Rws 200
4/15/15
Solutions
to Online Incivility
A serious problem affecting our society
today is the issue of cyber bullying and the general lack of civility people
display when they participate in online discussion. Many people out there seem
to lose their sense of ethics and morality when they sit behind a keyboard and
computer screen and are not in a face to face interaction with another person.
These people, also known as “trollers” or “spammers”, seem harmless and many
people feel as if online incivility isn't a serious issue however these people
would be wrong. Many people have written articles and done studies that show
that trollers and spammers have the power to turn the tide of public opinion on
important social, political and scientific topics. Cyber bullies have much more
power over others then many people would normally think they would and often
times they suppress the intelligence
and creativity of the victim. Andrew Stafford said that these people who lack
online civility “have the potential to drive some of our brightest voices out
of the public life altogether” and this is unacceptable. In the articles we
read there were some different approaches to solving the issue of online
incivility and in this essay I will discuss some of the solutions I have read
about as well as analyze their relative strengths and weaknesses.
The first solution, and most widely supported in the
articles I have read, is to eliminate anonymity on the internet. The idea
behind this solution is that people who are anonymous on the internet have no
fear of consequences or effective retaliation. They remain hidden behind the
cloak of anonymity and are able to say whatever they feel like saying because
the victims of these people only know their aggressors by their handles (or
usernames). Many philosophers including Plato believe that if human beings were
able to be invisible or able to do things anonymously, then we would all do
horrendous acts. In one of Plato's' parables called the ring of gyges, he wrote
about a shepherd who found an invisibility ring deep in the earth which, when
worn, turns the wearer invisible. The man put the ring on and over time began
performing acts of incivility and at the culmination of the parable, the man
rapes the queen, murders the king and takes the king as his wife. Plato
believed that any man would have acted the same as the man from his parable if
he were able to not be held accountable for his actions. Different journalists
such as Julie Zhuo and Tim Adams believe that the anonymity is the problem that
is causing incivility on the internet and want to abolish online anonymity. Tim
Adams also talked about “deindividuation” which is the state people are in when
anonymous. In this state of deindividuation, people fear no consequences and
have no problem saying many things that they would never say if they were face
to face with other people.
Another solution I have read about states that we
need programmers to create better software and algorithms to help us filter out
the comments and posts that are attacks. Many women are threatened online with
rape and other physical acts of violence and these software programs would help
to eliminate personal attacks such as these. It would be hard for algorithms
like these to be put in place due to the free speech right that we are provided
in the first amendment, however if these apps or websites put this into their
terms and agreements then people would have no choice but to follow the rules
or be kicked off the app. This seems like a very promising solution because
although it may be hard to calibrate the algorithms and there may be bugs in
the beginning that need to be worked out, it would stop a big part of the
incivility happening online if the threats and derogatory comments or posts
were able to be recognized and terminated before they ever reached their
target. This seems like a promising solution to me but it isn’t the full answer
to our problem. These algorithms and programs would only help to stop the
reception of the hateful or useless messages but they would do nothing about
curing online incivility. It would only force the trollers and spammers to find
other ways to send their pointless and hateful messages.
The
final solution, which seems the most promising to me, is the solution of
tummeling. Tummeling is where tummlers promote good discussion online but are
able to take bad discussion, and people who practice it, down from the website.
In other words, tummlers “are catalysts and bridge builders”. Their main priority
is to promote good conversation. They will strike up conversations with people
online and try and coerce people who either don’t often speak or who have a
good response to the topic into speaking on the subject. Also one of their
duties, besides promoting good discussion, would be to discourage and decrease
less productive speech. Tummlers would have the power to take down nonproductive
speech and block the trollers and spammers who propagate it. Having a team of
tummlers to monitor and promote or demote the different discussions they see
would improve the quality of online speech tremendously. This may seem very
similar to having algorithms and programs take out hateful speech, but I find
this solution to be much more promising for 2 reasons. First off, Tummlers are
able understand what is and isn't acceptable whereas a program can only search
for what it has been told to look for. Secondly, tummlers can promote healthy,
positive discussion to the online community in addition to demoting harmful or
pointless speech.
In
this essay I have talked about the different solutions to the issue of online
incivility and I assessed their relative strengths and weaknesses. I believe
that tummeling is the best solution for this problem because they are best
equipped to not only handle the negative discussions, but encourage the
positive ones as well. Online incivility is not a problem that will manage
itself, and whatever the action may be, something needs to be done about it.
Works Cited
Thompson, Clive. “Smarter than You
Think: How Technology Is Changing Our Minds for the Better.” 2013. 77-81.
Print.
Lomas, Natasha. "#Gamergate
Shows Tech Needs Far Better Algorithms." TechCrunch. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.
<http://techcrunch.com/2014/10/18/gamergate-tactics/>.
Stafford, Andrew. "Who Are
These Haters That Poison the Well of Our Discourse?" The Sydney Morning
Herald. Web. 15 Apr. 2015.
<http://www.smh.com.au/it-pro/who-are-these-haters-that-poison-the-well-of-our-discourse-20120411-1ws5c.html>.